A three component-based van der Waals surface vertically designed for biomolecular recognition enhancement

Graphene-based vertical electrodes may have applications in biomolecular recognition for producing low-cost biodevices with high electronic conductivity. However, they are unsuitable measuring small interfacial capacitance variations because graphene is mostly composed of basal sp2 carbon surface, which limits its sensitivity as an electrochemical biosensor. Herein, we introduce a monolayer based three-component vertically designed (TCVD) device ferrocene adsorbed on supported lithographically gold subsurface silicon wafer. Ferrocene the top layer that promotes reversible redox communication electrolyte, while graphene–gold strategically projected underneath. This system exhibits enhanced chemical reactivity by allowing attachment larger amount organic functional groups surface and faster response to inner-sphere probe solution. Bader charge analysis indicated donates density thereby significantly increases transfer exchange rate ferrocene. Based theory (DFT) simulation spectromicroscopy data, it was realized interaction between through physical adsorption slight change Fermi's level graphene. The TCVD used detect double-stranded DNA hybridization solutions. calculation measurements, nanomolar range four times higher limit detection (LOD) three lower compared Fc/Gr/SiO2/Si, effortlessly detected. result promising since 3.0 µF cm−2 quantum bare Notably, these results open new possibility next-generation bioelectronics van der Waals surfaces, further innovation material scrutiny lead achievement devices robust abilities.